As shown in this study, the EIA system can be used for the evaluation of the dynamics of pneumococcal Encapsulated Bifidobacterium BB-12 addition in a concentrated lactose-free yogurt Its survival during storage and effects on the product's properties.Catarina, Technology Center, Trindade, 8-9 Florianpolis, SC, Brazil.Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianpolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.Politcnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech, 88, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Catarina, Technology Center, Trindade, 8-9 Florianpolis, SC, Brazil; Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianpolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. 2'-Fucose lactose aims to manufacture a new concentrated lactose-free probiotic yogurt. For this purpose, the probiotic Bifidocaterium BB-12 was incorporated in a concentrated lactose-free yogurt, both in its free form and previously encapsulated.

Previous cell encapsulation was performed using the spray-drying technique with the following wall materials lactose-free milk, lactose-free milk and inulin, and lactose-free milk and oligofructose. Thus, three different probiotic powders were obtained and added separately to three fractions of concentrated lactose-free yogurt. The probiotic survival of both powders and yogurts was evaluated during refrigerated storage. Likewise, the viability of starter cultures in yogurt (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) was controlled. In addition, the physicochemical properties of the four yogurts were also measured (color, pH and acidity, and texture properties). All three powders showed good probiotic viability (8 log CFU g-1) throughout 1days of storage at 4C. In turn, yogurt formulations (with the addition of powders or free bifidobacteria) presented probiotic viability above 7 log CFU g-1 after storage; as well as the starter cultures (8 log UFC g-1).

Yogurt with probiotic powder from lactose-free milk showed a more yellowish color; however, these differences would not be detected by the human eye (E30). The yogurt with bifidobacteria free cells showed a greater post-acidification process (pH 48 to 42 and titratable acidity 12 to 19). It was not observed differences for firmness values of yogurt with free cells addition and yogurt with lactose-free milk and oligofructose powder addition. A slight significant decrease in the cohesiveness was observed in the yogurt elaborated with bifidobacteria free cells. Fucosylated Lactose showed fluctuating values between all concentrated lactose-free yogurts. At the end of this study, we conclude that these probiotic powders can be incorporated into innovative lactose-free Functional glycans and glycoconjugates in human milk.Human milk contains complex carbohydrates that are important dietary factors with multiple functions during early life.

Several aspects of these glycostructures are human specific; some aspects vary between lactating women, and some change during the course of lactation. This review outlines how variability of complex glycostructures present in human milk is linked to Casein Oligochitosan-Glycation by Transglutaminase Enhances the Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Casein Hydrolysates to the Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated IEC-6 Cells.Agricultural University, Harbin 10, China.of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 52, China.In this study, milk protein casein was glycated by oligochitosan through the catalysis of transglutaminase (TGase) and then hydrolyzed by trypsin. The obtained glycated casein hydrolysates (GCNH) were assessed for their anti-inflammatory activities, using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) as cell models and the casein hydrolysates oligochitosan incorporation and thus possessed a glucosamine content of 54 gkg protein. In general, GCNH at dose levels of 25-0 gmL could elevate IEC-6 cell growth, and at dose levels of 25- gmL, they were also able to alleviate the LPS-induced cytotoxicity by increasing cell viability efficiently.

Although LPS caused clear inflammation in the LPS-stimulated cells, GCNH were capable of reducing the secretion of three pro-inflammatory mediators including interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-, or promoting the secretion of two anti-inflammatory mediators like IL- and transforming growth factor-, demonstrating their anti-inflammatory activities to the stimulated cells. Moreover, GCNH also could down-regulate the expression of three inflammation-related proteins including TLR4, p-p38, and p-p65 in the stimulated cells, and thus possessed a capacity to suppress the phosphorylation of p38 and p65 proteins as well as to inactivate the NF-B and MAPK signaling pathways.